GD-Aggregate: A WAN Virtual Topology Building Tool for Hard Real-Time and Embedded Applications (Appendices)

The convergence of computer and physical world calls for next generation Wide Area Network (WAN) infrastructures for hard real-time and embedded applications. Such networks need virtual topologies to achieve scalability, configurability, and flexibility. Virtual topologies are made of virtual links, for which, the state-of-the-art building tool is Guaranteed Rate server based aggregates (GR-aggregates). However, common-practice weight assignment scheme couples GR-aggregate End-to-End (E2E) delay bound with aggregate’s data throughput inverse proportionally. This is undesirable for many hard real-time embedded sensing/actuating applications, whose traffic has small data throughput but requires short E2E delay. We propose Guaranteed Delay server based aggregates (GD-aggregates), which allow assigning weights according to priorities instead of data throughput. This decouples E2E delay guarantee from data throughput, hence meets the needs of hard real-time embedded applications. In addition, GD-aggregates can be analyzed with simple closed form formulae, and can be easily planned with optimization tools.